Discuss what Lady Macbeth’s persuasive language in 1.7 reveals to the audience about her character Essay Example for Free

Discuss what Lady Macbeth’s persuasive language in 1.7 reveals to the audience about her character Essay Discuss what Lady Macbeth’s persuasive language in 1.7 reveals to the audience about her character relationship with her husband In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, he portrays Lady Macbeth as a strong female character whom is equal to Macbeth and sometimes even stronger than Macbeth which was unusual for the time as at the time, men were considered to be above women as they believed in the divine order of the universe which stated that men came before woman and that women should only be there to serve men and obey their husband and their father and not question their husband’s decision. In Scene 1.7, Shakespeare uses Lady Macbeth’s language and sexual parts to persuade her husband into killing Duncan so that she can become Queen. She even goes as far as question Macbeth’s manhood. One of the quotes which supports my point is ,†We fail? But screw your courage to the sticking-place, and we’ll not fail.† which Lady Macbeth said to Macbeth after he questioned him and not obeying him. She used a rhetorical question which is seen in the above quote to scould him as would a child which is going against all of the things that a wife should be at that time and she is talking to him like a child when she tells him to get his courage up and reassures him that they will not fail which is all influenced by the rhetorical question. She also questions his manhood in the quote,†When durst do it, then you were a man,† by scolding him and saying that he is not a man now as he didn’t dare to do it and this has made him more feminine which is a great insult to give someone in Shakespearean times, which proves my point that Lady Macbeth does not want to give up and she f ft ff people into doing whatever she wants him to do. I believe that this quote is one of the strongest quotes which proves my opening point. Another quote which I believe proves my opening point is,†What beast was’t then, that made you break this enterprise to me? When you durst do i t, then you were a man.† This states that Lady Macbeth is hurt as Macbeth broke a promise to her. She uses repetition in the quote and she repeats the word ‘you’ which you could infer as making an accusation against Macbeth or you could infer that she is honestly hurt by Macbeth as she expresses hurt by her use of language in this quote. In this quote she also uses a rhetorical question which you could infer that she is so hurt and angry, she does not want him to answer the question and she ends with a very strong insult which a â€Å"loving† wife would never make to her husband, especially in the Shakespearean times. She further evaluates the importance of a promise to her in the quote, â€Å"know how tender tis’ to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling at my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out, had I sworn as you have done this.† This quote proves that Lady Macbeth would do anything if it would uphold her promise even if it would mean killing her own child to uphold a promise. This quote also shows how truly hurt Lady Macbeth is and how angry and how fearful she is and her dertermination to get what she wants. This is quite masculine of her but I will cover more on that after this. A quote which shows how devious and courageous Lady Macbeth is, â€Å"Who dares receive it other , as we shall make our griefs and clamour roar upon his death?† This quote proves that Lady Macbeth is doing whatever she can to get what she wants. She uses persuasive language such as ‘dares’ which is a very strong word as it involves taking a risk and a risk which could ultimately stab you in the back. This quote also shows Lady Macbeth putting on a false face and pretending to grief and mourn for the King’s loss however in actual fact, it was her which set up the King to be killed. This shows that Lady Macbeth will be decisive and manipulate whoever she wants to get what she desires. A quote which I have mentioned before but I want to go more into detail is, â€Å"know how tender tis’ to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling at my face, have plucked my nipple from his boneless gums and dashed the brains out, had I sworn as you ha ve done this.† I strongly believe that this is the quote which really well establishes Lady Macbeth is a brutal and a character which will do anything to get what she most desires and not to care about anything or anyone else, just to get on top. This quote portrays Lady Macbeth as a mother which is a role which you need to care only about the baby and nurture the baby and bring it up as your own. This quote mentions that Lady Macbeth knows what it is like to breastfeed a baby but the play has not mentioned anything about Lady Macbeth and a baby, but I will get to that in further detail in my conclusion. This quote also mentions her killing the baby in the most brutal way: when it is it’s most vulnerable. During a breastfeeding. This shows that Lady Macbeth will do anything to keep a promise and you could infer that because of her incredibly detailed description, that she has done this before. One more quote which I believe solidifies my first point is, â€Å"And live a coward in thine own esteem, letting â€Å"I dare not† wait upon â€Å"I would† like the poor cat i’th’ adage? † This quote shows that Lady Macbeth is angry and full of adrenaline which really provokes her use of language in this quote by calling her husband a coward for backing out of his commitment and letting him live in the shame of not doing his deed which also interrupts the divine order and being a good wife in the Shakespearean times. She defies all this when she does not listen to her husband and takes on the role of the husband in the relationship in this quote and in this whole scene. In conclusion, I believe that Lady Macbeth is full of anger, grief and betrayal as she confronts Macbeth in this scene by saying that he is not a man and by calling him a coward and informing or reminding him of what she would do if she promised him. She would even go as far as killing her own child if that is what she has promised which means that she has built up a lot of trust in this relationship and she does not want to lose it now. By saying she knows how it feels to love a baby who she has breastfeed could imply that she and Macbeth had a baby and it died or it got murdered. If it got murdered or it got killed because of a promise she made, which she has proven is the most important thing to her, probably fuels her anger and hurt in this scene which makes this scene make so much sense that it is my final implied conclusion. The reason that I have inferred is that Lady Macbeth is so passionate and angry in this scene is because she had a baby and it died because of a promise she made which is why she made such an important and a significant reference to this is because this happened to her and she does not want it to happen again.

History of US Voting Rights

History of US Voting Rights There are many reasons why people do not vote, and why it is necessary to vote. Many of us take our right to vote for granted. Our state and federal governments, however, have been instrumental in the past in denying different groups of people-including women, African-Americans, young people, people who didnt own land and who couldnt pay poll taxes, and people who couldnt read and write-the right to vote. And throughout history these groups of people have organized, struggled, and fought for their right to vote. This activity presents a brief history of voting rights in this country. In modern America, almost everyone can vote who wants to. But it wasnt always that way! Here are some of the groups that have been blocked from voting over the past two hundred years. Women for many years only men were allowed to vote. Women were considered too emotional to make wise choices. It took 75 years of protesting before women won the right to vote through the 19th Amendment to the Constitution in 1920. Susan B. Anthony dedicated the next five decades of her life fighting for the right to vote, and all for a cause that would not succeed until the ratification of the Nineteenth Amendment fourteen years after her death in 1906. Susan B. Anthony famous trails in 1873 helped pave the way for womens right to vote and she once stated it was we, the people; not we, white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens, but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. When this country was first founded, only White men who owned land were allowed to vote. Lawmakers believed that only property owners had enough at stake in the country to vote responsibly. By the early 1800s, the property requirement was replaced with a poll tax, which required citizens to pay a special fee in order to vote. Poll taxes were made illegal by the 24th amendment to the Constitution in 1964. For many years, voting was restricted to adults 21 years and older in some states. During the Vietnam War era, many people argued that if you were old enough to fight and die for your country, you were old enough to vote. The 26th Amendment, passed in 1971, granted the right to vote to everyone 18 or older. Some states only allowed people who could read or write to vote. State lawmakers believed that only people who could read and write could get the information they needed to make smart choices. Nowadays, there are many ways to get information that do not involve reading and writing. The 1965 Voting Rights Act banned literacy tests. The Constitution did not specifically restrict voting to White people, but also African-Americans it stated that only freemen or people who were not slaves could vote. This made it illegal for most African-Americans to vote until after the Civil War. The 15th Amendment, passed in 1870, allowed Black men (not women) to vote. After that, many states passed new laws to restrict Black voting. Literacy tests, poll taxes, and intimidation were methods used to limit Black voting. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 did away with all these restrictions on who could vote. It also set up a system to make sure that the new law would be followed. Most People do not think their vote matters/counts. Most People do not Why man First, why its important to vote, most citizens believe that their vote does not matter and do not vote for that reason. Second, another reason is some citizens do not know how or where to vote. Finally, some citizens just figure its a waste of time and too much trouble, too confusing, and too much reading on which candidates to vote for. The research weve found was very fascinating. As we conducted our own surveys with my fellow students, I couldnt believe that just a little over half my class were registered to vote. According to the audience analysis on July 4, 2010, here in our Political Science 101; we surveyed 28 students and out the 28 students we found 58% of the students are register voters. The other 42% did not take the voting seriously. According to the Historical Voter Registration and Participation in Statewide General Elections from 1910-2008, the eligible citizens to vote in the Presidential election held in November 2008, were 23,208,710, only 13,743,177 cast a vote, meaning only 59.2% of the registered voters participated in the November 2008 Presidential Election. During the Presidential primary elections held in February 5, 2008, only 28.22% of women voters are registered participated. American voting habits are particularly striking when compared with those of other democratic nations, like Japan and Germany, where 89 percent of the potential voters go to the polls. In fact, most democracies have about 80 percent voter participation. Of the 153 democracies in the world, the United States ranks near the bottom for voter involvement. National Voter Turnout in Federal Elections: 1960-2008. The chart below provides information about voter statistics, including age of voting population, voter registration, and turnout from 1994- 2008. Year Voting-age population Voter registration Voter turnout Turnout of voting-age population (percent) 2008* 231,229,580 NA 132,618,580* 59.2% 2006 220,600,000 135,889,600 80,588,000 37.1% 2004 221,256,931 174,800,000 122,294,978 55.3 2002 215,473,000 150,990,598 79,830,119 37.0 2000 205,815,000 156,421,311 105,586,274 51.3 1998 200,929,000 141,850,558 73,117,022 36.4 1996 196,511,000 146,211,960 96,456,345 49.1 1994 193,650,000 130,292,822 75,105,860 38.8 First, many citizens do not vote because they dont believe that their vote count and deters them from voting. Another contributing factor is that their parents never did so why should they start or do so. Most individuals believe it is a waste of time and too much trouble, too much reading and too confusing on which candidates to vote for. Most people do not have time to learn about the issues and candidates. Also many people are not registered to vote and do not want to vote because that can cause them to go on jury duty. The solution for these problems can be slightly taken care of by each state has its own registration deadline. Once a citizen decides to take responsibility to vote, that person must register to vote. He or she must register, you can go online and go to www.sos.ca.gov/elections or pick up a form in person at any number of public offices (library, DMV, post office, county election office, city clerk, etc.) or you can call 1-800-345-VOTE to request a form to be mailed to you. Finally, you as a citizen of the United States need to educate yourself on the candidates and the issues before you vote and get the facts. Do not become like most people that go to the polls and cast your vote without knowing about the candidates. Its your job as a citizen to know, not just who is running for president but also to know who is running for Senate or House seats. Its your duty and right to formulate your votes based on the research you have done, not on what you heard through television ads, but its your duty to read local newspapers to learn more about the local elections, such as mayoral race, as well as special issues that maybe on the ballot. Its your duty to read as much as you can, and remember voting is one of the fundamental processes, which is instrumental in the development of a healthy democracy. In the essay about why do not people vote, we gave you a brief history of voting over the past years, we gave you reasons why people do not vote and some solutions that can make the voting problem a bit less than what it is. We also given reason why its our duty and how important it is for each of us to register and do our civic duty and its our responsibility as citizens to take this seriously. Everyone wants their voice to be heard and their opinion to count. The only way to do that is to go register if you have not already and to vote smart, remember only 59 percent of Americans vote in presidential election, and you can make a difference.

Parsimony ? The Fourth Substance :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Occasionalism is a variation upon Cartesian metaphysics. The latter is the most notorious case of dualism (mind and body, for instance). The mind is a â€Å"mental substance†. The body – a â€Å"material substance†. What permits the complex interactions which happen between these two disparate â€Å"substances†? The â€Å"unextended mind† and the â€Å"extended body† surely cannot interact without a mediating agency, God. The appearance is that of direct interaction but this is an illusion maintained by Him. He moves the body when the mind is willing and places ideas in the mind when the body comes across other bodies. Descartes postulated that the mind is an active, unextended, thought while the body is a passive, unthinking extension. The First Substance and the Second Substance combine to form the Third Substance, Man. God – the Fourth, uncreated Substance – facilitates the direct interaction among the two within the third. F oucher raised the question: how can God – a mental substance – interact with a material substance, the body. The answer offered was that God created the body (probably so that He will be able to interact with it). Leibnitz carried this further: his Monads, the units of reality, do not really react and interact. They just seem to be doing so because God created them with a pre-established harmony. The constant divine mediation was, thus, reduced to a one-time act of creation. This was considered to be both a logical result of occasionalism and its refutation by a reductio ad absurdum argument. But, was the fourth substance necessary at all? Could not an explanation to all the known facts be provided without it? The ratio between the number of known facts (the outcomes of observations) and the number of theory elements and entities employed in order to explain them – is the parsimony ratio. Every newly discovered fact either reinforces the existing worldview – or forces the introduction of a new one, through a â€Å"crisis† or a â€Å"revolution† (a â€Å"paradigm shift† in Kuhn’s abandoned phrase). The new worldview need not necessarily be more parsimonious. It could be that a single new fact precipitates the introduction of a dozen new theoretical entities, axioms and functions (curves between data points). The very delineation of the field of study serves to limit the number of facts, which could exercise such an influence upon the existing worldview and still be considered pertinent.

Financial Effects of September 11th :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

Financial Effects of September 11th September 11th, like few other dates in the history of our country, will be permanently engraved in all American’s memories. Even though the events of this tragic day are behind us, the economy is still feeling the burden of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The economy was already experiencing a fall off before the attack. Despite the struggling times, Wall Street analysts believed that with the six Federal Rate cuts, the United States economy could avoid recession. Then came September 11th an attack that shook the nation. Never had an attack been made on United States mainland soil. Two United and two American Airline airplanes were hijacked by terrorists and flown into strategic targets in America. There were at least four to five hijackers on each plane. They were armed with knives, and having at least one person among them capable of piloting the plane. The hijackers took over the planes, ousted the pilots, and directed the planes on suicide missions. Two planes crashed into the World Trade Center's Twin Towers in New York City, another into the Pentagon in Washington DC and a fourth in Pennsylvania. The result of the attack, the Twin Towers collapsed, part of the Pentagon was crushed, and thousands of people died. The attack was part of a jihad, or holy war by the Muslims in the Middle East against America. They resent us for our freedom and for our occupation of the Middle East. Americans responded with true American spirit and patriotism by volunteering and donating goods. Despite the shock, long-term devastation, and disruption of public infrastructure and commercial activities in the world's financial center, the U.S. financial system largely remained open throughout the day and thereafter. Banks and other financial intermediaries stayed open. Key wholesale and retail payment system remained operational, like other financial activities, except that telecommunication disruptions had a temporary effect. Even firms in the World Trade Center were able to resume business from other offices or from contingency sites within hours of the attack. The response of the financial industry and the speed with which it resumed business was extraordinary and can be attributed only to its long-standing commitment to ensuring continuity of operations in the wake of physical or cyber disruptions. The terrorist attacks of September 11th sent the United States economy spiraling into recession. â€Å"Many economists believe the economy has entered its first recession in more than 10 years†(Wash.

Comparing Home in Richard Fords I Must Be Going and Scott Sanders Hom

Comparing Home in Richard Ford's I Must Be Going and Scott Sander's Homeplace Most people define home as a comfortable setting which provides love and warmth. In Scott Sanders â€Å"Homeplace† and Richard Ford’s â€Å"I Must Be Going† the concept of home is defined in two different ways. Sanders believes that by moving from place to place, the meaning of home has been diminished. Sanders believes that America’s culture â€Å"nudges everyone into motion† (Sanders 103) and that his â€Å"longing to become an inhabitant rather than a drifter† (103) is what sets him apart from everyone else. Ford prefers to stay on the move. His argument is life’s too short to settle in one place. He believes home is where you make it, but permanence is not a requirement. Sanders argues that â€Å"in our national mythology, the worst fate is to be trapped on a farm, in a village, or in some unglamorous marriage† (Sanders 102). Ford is a prime example of someone who believes this myth. In all of Ford’s moves from place to place, he has been in search of something better. He says that all of his moving is a result of â€Å"longing that overtakes me like a fast car on the freeway and makes me willing to withstand a feeling of personal temporariness† (Ford 109). Ford acts on his feelings without realizing that he will only be there for a short time. Sanders associates yearning for some other place as being wrong. He quotes Henry Thoreau saying, â€Å"The man who is often thinking that it is better to be somewhere else than where he is excommunicates himself† (104). Ford does believe staying in one place is normal, â€Å"One never moves without an uneasiness that staying is the norm† (110). However, Ford blam es growing up in Jackson, Mississippi as his reason for wil... ...t people Rushdie mentions here. Ford is the person who â€Å"roots† himself in ideas because he is always looking for that special place but can never find it. Sanders would rather commit himself to one spot because he feels any one place is as good as any. Sanders gains this mentality based on the discoveries of Copernicus and that Earth is not the center of the universe. He believes, â€Å"any point is as good as any other for observing the world† (Sanders 103). Ford finds no truth in this statement as he continues to move â€Å"toward someplace we badly need to go† (Ford 111). Works Cited Sanders, Scott â€Å"Homeplace.† Seeing and Writing. Donald McQuade and Christine Mcquade. Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2000. 101-104 Ford, Richard â€Å"I Must Be Going† Seeing and Writing. Donald McQuade and Christine McQuade. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2000. 109-111

How Did Black People Face the Great Depression Differently? Essay

The people of the black community experienced the Great Depression differently due to race relations between the white people and the black people. During the depression, dark-skinned people had a hard time finding rentals, let alone buying property. For example, the Clarke family recall being treated poorly when they were looking for a house. The other people would slam the door in their faces and leave it at that. On the other hand, the Jews were empathetic towards them and offered to sell their house to the Clarkes. Another reason as to how the black community experienced the Great Depression differently was the difficulty of finding a job. For instance, when Claire Clark was looking for a job, people rejected her because she was black. A man who worked at City Hall told Claire that she will not get a job in the city because the white girls will not work for her. This was a struggling situation for Claire because she tried her hardest to look for a job in order to survive the Great Depression. However, it was very hard for this young girl because of the racist remarks that the white people held for the black people. The last reason as to how the black community experienced the Great Depression differently was the unfair treatment between the two groups-white and black. For example, black children can play with others, however they could not go into their houses. This showed that the white people had boundaries set for the black people which was very notorious to the people of the black community. In conclusion, the people of the black community experienced the Great Depression differently.

Marketing: Milk and Products Essay

1, Identify macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions and explain how they apply to your chosen company. You should use analysis tool to apply to the company: SWOT, PEST, and Five-Forces analysis. (Outcomes 2a) – Micro environment: the market comprises all aspects of a market which affect the company’s relationship with its customer and the patterns of competition. It includes suppliers, competitors, publics, marketing intermediaries. – Macro environment: the macro environment can be described in terms of four keys components: political/legal, economic, social/cultural, and technological (PEST factor) [According to Business Essentials Books -Marketing, (Part B: segmentation, Targeting and Positioning, Chapter 2: The marketing environment, p93 – p96)]. |SWOT | |Strengths |Opportunities | |Strong brands, large market share |The preferential policies of the government of the dairy industry | |Distribution network throughout Vietnam |(2000 billion approved for dairy development project to 2020) | |Diversified products, competitive prices |Supply of input raw material – fresh milk – is relatively stable (e. g. | |Production line of international |have dairy cow plantation, farms etc.) | | Leadership capacity of good management |Joining the WTO: market expansion, business and learning experience | |Diversified product lines (150 products) | | |Sustainable relationships with partners | | |Talent and professional of marketing and product | | |Marketing research experience is good | | |Very attractive advertisement and promotion campaign. | | |Weaknesses |Threats | |Products primarily focused on domestic market. |Vietnamese economic instability (inflation, economic crisis†¦) | | Marketing activities of the company focused on southern of Vietnam |WTO: appears several competitors | | |Uncertainty worldwide political situation | |PEST | |Political/Legal |Requirements on food hygiene and safety very strictly regulation | | |Economics stability to facilitate the business of the company | | |The preferential policies of the government of the dairy industry | |Economic |Fast-growing economy of Vietnam (i. e.having a positive impact on the domestic purchasing power) | | | Join WTO pressure to compete for business | | |Dairy import tax reduction, creating favorable for imported dairy products increased conditions | | |Inflation, increased fuel, increased cow prices | |Social/Cultural |Increasing living standards | | |Need to improve health and beauty | | |Proportion of malnourished children remains high | | |Most Vietnamese people do not have the habit of drinking milk | |Technological |Improve and modern technologies | | |Milk powder extraction technology | | | Modern equipment in the field of packaging | | |Technology quality management according to ISO | |FIVE-FORES Analysis | |New Entrants more | For milk production, the costs are not high to join so the potential rivals to participate easily in this| |competition |segment. On the contrary, entry costs for fluid milk products and yogurt is quite high. More importantly, to | | |establish distribution networks require a large expenditure. Currently, Vinamilk has a big advantage in | | |distribution. However, the conversion cost of consumer products is almost equal to 0 so Vinamilk remain | | |competitive pressure in the average. | |Substitute products or | Milk products are not currently available substitutes. However, given the broad needs of consumers, dairy| |services |products can compete with many health care items such as soft drinks †¦ So, Vinamilk is at risk from | | |substitute products. Today, Vinamilk is developing several products of drinking water for health benefits to | | |expand market share. | |Customers bargaining power| Vinamilk is not pressured by any distributor. The company has two distribution channels: (1) the | | |traditional channel (240 distributors and more than 140,000 points of sale, make the distribution more than | | |80% of Vinamilk total production, (2) distributed through modern channels (such as supermarkets †¦). For dairy | | |products, when the cost of materials is high, Vinamilk can sell at high prices that customers still have to | | |accept. Therefore, Vinamilk can transfer the disadvantages from the outside supplier to the customer. | |Suppliers bargaining power| Vinamilk has advantage when they bargain with farmers in the purchase of raw milk because the purchasing | | |company is the largest, accounting for 50% of dairy country. Moreover, Vinamilk disadvantage as dependence on | | |milk imported from abroad. However, from talking to Vinamilk, cost of production 1 kg of liquid milk from milk| | |powder is lower than from fresh milk. Therefore, this is not too big drawback for Vinamilk. | |Rivalry amongst current | Also VNM is highly competitive as in the domestic dairy Hanoimilk Companies, foreign companies word such | |competitors |as Abbott, Mead Johnson; Nestle, Dutch Lady †¦ In the future, Vietnam’s dairy market continues to expand and | | |the level of competition is getting higher. | (Source: http://www. slideshare. net/nguyenvanti1991/lap-ke-hoach-marketing-cua-vinamilk [accessed 24 October 2011]) (Source: http://tintuc. xalo. vn/00885566846/Phan_tich_co_phieu_VNM_cua_Vinamilk. html [accessed 24 October 2011]) 2, Propose major segmentation criteria that are used for two products targeting two different markets. (Outcomes 2b) Vinamilk has much kind of products. We choose two products of Vinamilk are liquid milk and yoghurt. Both of products are targeted common people who have low or medium income. For milk, there are two segmentations for adults and children. The company makes many kinds of liquid milk such as sweetened, unsweetened, chocolate flavor, vanilla flavor, strawberry flavor†¦ depends on interest of each people. The company has three types of packaging for liquid milk products such as small carton, big carton, and bag. It is appropriate for each person and for each region. For yoghurt, the product is segmented the preference of the customers. Some people like eat yoghurt with spoon but some people drink it. Some people do not care about eating or drinking yoghurt, they think that it is good for their health. It is depend on different regions. |Liquid Milk | |For adults |100% fresh milk | | |Vinamilk 100% fresh milk is made from 100% pure milk, containing all essential nutrients from nature, giving you a | | |sense of vitality to enjoy life to its entirety. | | | UHT Milk Flex | | |High-calcium and low-fat milk, Flex is the ideal source of nutrients to help you keep in shape, healthy, active and | | |energetic. | |For kids |UHT Milk Kid | | |UHT Milk Kid is produced from fresh cow milk, rich in calcium and minerals, and treated by a modern UHT technology. | | |i. e. fresh milk is treated in at high temperature in a very short time (3 seconds) to retain all essential vitamins | | |and minerals (including calcium content in milk at an optimal proportion of D/Ca). The supplement of DHA is added to | | |assist children’s growth and development, keeping them healthy, agile and intelligent. | |Yoghurt | |Drinking yoghurt | There are two lines of drinking yoghurt products, including Vinamilk Drinking Yogurt and SUSU Drinking Yogurt Milk| | |with various flavors. Yoghurt is beneficial for health of digestion system and brings you a healthy nutrition source | |Spoon yoghurt | Being made from 100% fresh milk with various flavors such as aloe vera, strawberry, etc, yoghurt products are rich| | |in proteins, vitamins, minerals and calcium, which are essential for your body. Spoon yoghurt assists to improve the | | |daily digestion, reinforce the body immune system, consolidates bone structure and helps to bring a fine and fresh | | |complexion as well as a body in shape. | |Probi fermented | Vinamilk Probi is the yoghurt product fermented from billions of Lactobacillus Casei, working well in digestive | |yoghurt |system that helps to reinforce the resistance of digestive system, purify toxin from food and surrounding environment | | |and absorb nutrients at maximum capacity. Consuming Vinamilk fermented yoghurt Probi every day keeps digestive system | | |healthy from the inside naturally. | Source:http://www. vinamilk. com. vn/uploads/Download_E/VNM_Annual_report_FINAL_ENG. pdf [accessed 24 October 2011]) (Source: http://vinamilk. com. vn/ENG/? vnm=product&id=2 [accessed 24 October 2011]) (Source: http://vinamilk. com. vn/ENG/? vnm=product&id=57 [accessed 24 October 2011]) (Source: http://vinamilk. com. vn/ENG/? vnm=product&id=7 [accessed 24 October 2011]) 3, Outline the factors which influence the choice of targeting strategy for two products in two different markets. (Outcomes 2c) There are many factors to consider when choosing the targeting strategy; those are geography, demography, buying behavior, psychographic and social culture. – Geography and Buyer behavior: Vinamilk has to segment the market such as North, Central, South because each region has different habits such as taste, smell, packaging†¦. Liquid milk has many kinds of products (sweetened, unsweetened, chocolate flavor, vanilla flavor, strawberry flavor†¦) with three types of packaging (small carton, big carton and bag). Yogurt has the same with three kinds of products (spoon yogurt, drinking yogurt, Probi yogurt). – Demography: Vinamilk can divide the market into groups such as age, gender, social position, religion, or income. Liquid milk has two segmentations for adult and children. – Psychographic and Social culture: Vietnamese does not have habit drink a lot of milk. They like to change and something is new. Therefore, Vinamilk improve the products (liquid milk and yogurt) with many kinds of taste, design†¦. With two products in two different markets, Vinamilk has the different strategy to attract the customers and get money for company. 4, Explain how end-consumer or buyer behavior as marketing activities for two products of the company and its retailers. (Outcomes 2d) â€Å"Buying behavior† is made up of the internal and external factors that explain why consumers buy and use certain products or services. This type of behavior can affect the marketing strategy that a business employs to promote its products, and when this behavior is analyzed, it can guide a business toward better marketing strategies and methods that it might not have originally used. The University of Delaware states that the best way to gauge what marketing strategy to use is to create a â€Å"marketing mix† of different types of ads and promotions that can appeal to the different types of buying behavior. (Source: http://www. ehow. com/info_8749189_buyers-behavior-affects-marketing-activities. html [accessed 24 October 2011]) The buyer behavior has influence on marketing activities. There are some factors, which influence on marketing activities of the company such as: psychological, social cultural, situational. – Psychological: each people have each personality, lifestyles, thinking and nobody is not same anybody. They also have different beliefs, attitudes and motivations in life. Therefore, everyone has different needs. If Vinamilk just has one kind of products, the consumer will not have many choices. When they feel boring with the product, they cannot buy it more. Moreover, they think that the quality of product has to worth with the money that they spend. Therefore, if they use the product and feel it bad, they will not buy it more. To sum up, the consumer’s psychological affect strongly the sales of product. If the company does not grasp the consumer’s psychological, they cannot get profit. – Situational: the income of the consumer influence marketing activity. If the price is too high, the consumer will consider carefully before making decision. Therefore, if the price is not suitable, they will not accept and exclude the product. The previous buying experiences and the purchase task itself also have a big influence on consumer decision. – Social cultural: Vietnamese cultural also affect marketing activity. First, Vietnamese like the foreign products especially milk. They think that the foreign products are always better than the domestic product. Therefore, they tend to choose the foreign products firstly. Second, Vietnamese tend to follow the mass because they think that the products have many people to use is good. It is advantage or disadvantage. If the vinamilk has the best marketing, many people will buy their products. but if not, it is difficult for them to sell products. Part 2: Identify and analyze the individual elements of the extended marketing mix: 1, Describe and analyze how products of your chosen company are developed to sustain the company’s competitive advantage. Vinamilk has many products from milk such as liquid milk, yoghurt, power milk, condensed milk, ice cream, cheese, etc†¦ In the competitive environment, Vinamilk always develop and improve their products to satisfy their consumers. Besides, they always create new products to expand the market. Thus, they can sustain the company‘s competitive advantage. Now, we choose and analysis two products of Vinamilk so that we can see how products of Vinamilk are develop. First, it is liquid milk. The liquid milk is shared two segmentations and it is for family and for children. In the family segmentation, Vinamilk has two products such as 100% fresh milk and Flex. With Vinamilk 100% fresh milk, the company has pasteurized milk in carton. After a period of selling, Vinamilk changes packaging with pasteurized milk in bag. It is more convenient to use and bring. Some people like to drink milk with sugar, immediately the company improve product with sweetened milk. After that, they do variety of product with some flavor such as chocolate, strawberry, etc†¦ They capture the market very quickly and they always develop their products to satisfy consumer. They see that Long Thanh milk has developed with autoclaved milk so they also manufacture autoclaved milk with sweetened and no sweetened. In the modern life, people eat many kind of food, which has a lot of fat. Therefore, Vinamilk launch a new product, Vinamilk Flex. It has high-calcium and low-fat milk. It is a good step by Vinamilk. It really attracts people because everyone always wants to keep in shape, healthy, active and energetic and it is difficult when eating a lot of fat. Nowadays, Vinamilk see that child obesity is increasing in Vietnam, combined with the milk market research weight loss, Vinamilk find less competition involved in this market, which has created the impetus for launching Vinamilk new product – â€Å"Vinamilk milk to lose weight† and immediately received the support of consumers. With the research objectives and provide effective solutions to weight loss, safety, consistent with the state of Vietnam, this product is a breakthrough to help bring practical benefits to consumers. Recognizing this trend, Vinamilk immediately jump into this exciting market. Besides, Vinamilk also develop products that are reserved for children. That is UHT MILK MILKKID and VNM FORTIFIED UHT MILK. Fresh milk is treated in at high temperature in a very short time (3 seconds) to retain all essential vitamins and minerals (including calcium content in milk at an optimal proportion of D/Ca). The supplement of DHA is added to assist children’s growth and development, keeping them healthy, agile and intelligent. The parents like it because they always want everything are the best for their children. Second, it is the yoghurt. Vinamilk has three type of yogurt. This is yogurt with spoon, drink yogurt, probi yogurt. Each type of yogurt suits each different preference. Some people like eat yogurt with spoon but some people like to drink yogurt. It is very easy for consumers to access it when there are many choices. Now, probi yogurt is popular because it there are many good things such as reinforces the resistance of digestive system, purify toxin from food and surrounding environment and absorb nutrients at maximum capacity. It really attracted people because it is aimed the consumer’s psychological about health. It is really effective because everyone want a good health. 2, Explain how your chosen company’s products are distributed in order to provide convenience to customers. According: http://vinamilk. com. vn/? vnm=market&id=28 [accessed 24 October 2011] For Manufacturer Company, the distribution is very important. The company has good products and services, good price but their product cannot be delivered to customers. It is failure. Therefore, the company should build the best distribution systems. It is very helpful when the company sell their products. There are many method of getting products to customers such as supermarket, agents, wholesalers, retailers, virtual store, franchise, etc†¦ Vinamilk has two channels to distribute goods. This is direct channel (supermarket) and indirect channel (wholesalers, retailers). Vinamilk do not choose franchise, on-site store, and virtual store to distribute their goods because some reason. Firstly, Vietnamese does not have hobbits to drink a lot of milk so the quantity of milk that the customers buy is low. Secondly, the products of Vinamilk sell everywhere in Viet Nam so it is difficult to deliver if the customers order direct from manufacturer. Thirdly, Vinamilk is manufacturer so they just want to make products and distribute them. They entrust the other people to buy goods and manage them. It is easier if the company spend a large of money to build a chain of sale in the whole country. In direct channel, Vinamilk has products in all supermarkets in Viet Nam such as Big C, Metro, Coopmart, etc†¦ The customer can find the products of Vinamilk at all supermarket in Viet Nam. The supermarkets just distribute 20% products of Vinamilk and the retailers in indirect channel distribute 80% products of Vinamilk. Because the percent of Vietnamese go to supermarket is not high and the supermarket system is not much. In addition, the customers like to buy milk near their house. In indirect channel, Vinamilk’s products were sold through 240 wholesalers with more than 140,000 retailers in all 64 provinces of Viet Nam. It is convenience for customers. They can buy products everywhere. They just go the nearest retailers to buy milk or they can stay at home and call for the nearest wholesales. The good is delivered in a few minutes. It is easy to buy products of Vinamilk. Although it is hard for Vinamilk to manage all retailers, they can go to some places and make survey from the customers to know how to the retailers do with their goods. Vinamilk also is using the most modern application of IT technology in management such as Customer Relationship Management (SAP), Oracle E Business Suite 11i, and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). Everything just solve the problem how to the goods is distributed the customers quickest and the most effective. 3, Explain how prices of your company’s product are set to reflect company’s objectives and market conditions. Price is an important factor when the company wants to attract many people to buy their products. Therefore, making the appropriate price policy is especially important significant, it helps Vinamilk have effective business strategy. First, Vinamilk want to choose price for products (liquid milk and yogurt), the company has to modify the price of product at breakeven points. After that, they should consider some factor which affect purchase of market such as customer behavior, habits, income, market volatility, quality, and quantity†¦ from that, they can choose the markup for products (low or high). Then, they continue to investigate the price of competitions and they can consider their price of products is suitable and can be competitive. Thus, they can make decision for final prices of products. For two products (liquid milk and yogurt), Vinamilk has some strategy. To achieve the goal of becoming the dairy and food companies have health benefits for rapid growth and most stable market in Vietnam with the product line with long-term competitive advantages, Vinamilk accept to decrease the extent possible price to achieve maximum market range. Besides, Vinamilk try to improve their product has high quality, secure and they create the customer’s confidence. Later, they can increase their prices but the customers will not respond much about that. Moreover, more and more people interested in their health care, so the milk is preferred. The trend of the expensive purchase (psychological attached between price and quality) also contributed to higher milk prices. General psychology of the customers often compares the prices of the same product of the other companies to make decisions. Therefore, Vinamilk research the cost and selling price, quality of products of competitors and then they adjust their price so that it is reasonable. Despite the race of the profits with foreign milk company, Vinamilk maintains the stabile price since 2008. The price of Vinamilk on the market only has about one-thirds of the price of foreign company. In the domestic, the prices of products of Vinamilk are always equal or less compared to the price of products of the other companies. With current milk prices, Vinamilk accept lower interest or compensation from the operation of many different product lines to share the burden of consumer spending. When the product value has high in the mind of the customers, it is easy for the customer to accept the new products of Vinamilk. Beside, the product value has lower in the mind of the customer, Vinamilk keep the old price and improve the quality of product. Moreover, Vinamilk try to invest modern technology and economize the input materials and the costs of sales so that they can have the best price for the customers. Vinamilk has quite reasonable policy in the price. 4, Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives in your chosen company. The products cannot buy more every time and everywhere. The customers do not always know new products. The company is same. Therefore, the company has to have many promotional activities to make the customer know: What is the company? What are the company’s products? They are good or bad †¦. Thus, the customers will know the company and their products. The company can sell more products and get a lot of money. It is good for the company. Vinamilk choose two ways: First, it is advertising. Vinamilk always understand the important of advertising in promotion strategy, so they always focus and create highly and constantly. They have achieved big success in improving sales. Vinamilk is a company specialized in manufacturing of milk products, which mainly milk from dairy cows, so the image of dairy cow is considered specific, the core of each Vinamilk advertising. Vinamilk responds the strict requirements that advertising message to be achieved. The customers can see it on TV, on billboard on the street, when they go to Vinamilk website or read on the magazine. The advertising campaign is replicated throughout many the mass media with dairy cow image: cute dairy cow on the beautiful natural, full on life. With the purpose of bringing their products to the majority of consumers, Vinamilk use all forms of advertising such as television, radio, newspapers, outdoor advertising, etc†¦ Besides, Vinamilk do charity to enhance the reputation of the company. For example, â€Å"8 millions cups of milk for poor children†, â€Å"Vinamilk incubating young talent†, â€Å"help poor or disabilities people†, etc†¦ Second, it is promotion. With the purpose of attracting many people and selling many products, Vinamilk has many interesting promotion activities. The customer will be discounted or has more products of Vinamilk when buying a large quantity. For children, they can drink and collect the paper in the bottle and then they can change the presents or school supply. Sometimes, in the supermarket, the customers can get same free samples (old products or new products) to trial. Sometimes, the customers will buy products with presents (toys for kid, glass or new products of Vinamilk). Everything is promotional strategy so that they can attract more the customers and sell more products. 5, Analyze the additional elements of the extended marketing mix (People, Physical evidence and Process) in your chosen company. ? People Vinamilk understand that training and human resources development is the strategy of investment for the company’s success in the future. Therefore, Vinamilk is focused on training and improving the staff. They work out a plan of career development for the staff and bring the staff suitable training programs to help them improve working effects. In the period of developing and expanding, Vinamilk make opportunity for the staff who will have more chances to deal with new roles and new challenge. This also helps the staff raise potential and creativeness . Vinamilk creates a professional, friendly and open-hearted environment. Vinamilk always respected, listened and shared ideas with the staff. The staff’s efforts and achievements are recognized and highly commended. There are many activities for the staff such as sports, travelling, camping, etc†¦ It helps them enjoy happy and useful moments. The staffs also have a chance to understand each other and promote teamwork spirit effectively. The staff will get a satisfactory salary according to working capacity and competitive salary. Besides, Health Insurance Program and transport assistance are also one of distinguishing benefits we give to the staff. ? Physical evidence The company’s factories are equipped with modern technological lines imported directly from countries such as France, Germany, Denmark, Sweden †¦ the criteria for creating high-quality products, low power consumption, have the ability to recover and reuse of products and energy sources. In addition, the company gradually converts and invests processing lines from low-power performance to high-power performance. The application of modern machine will contribute to significant savings in production costs, reduce water consumption, fuel and energy. Vinamilk has 80 trucks, they are used to deliver the products from the company to the distributors. Each truck has a black box mounted to monitor the status of the vehicle. The factories of Vinamilk are designed modern, HACCP standards, creating a clean working environment, ensuring occupational health and safety for workers and do not affect the residential area around. All sources of noise are located away from residential areas and are completely separate. There are many partner companies and each company has a separate function. It helps the company to produce and supply the goods in time on the market. Nowadays, the customers like beautiful design of product packaging, many companies have not hesitated to invest costs on designing new the packaging. Although they can take disadvantages of the cost and price, the customer will remember more the products. It is important to make decision by the customers. Vinamilk tries to fulfill the criteria packaging such as beautiful, convenience, safety products, friendly environment †¦ In addition, it is difficult to maintain these criteria because the business environment and customer preferences always change. Therefore, the company will invest heavily in packaging costs to attract the customers. ? Process There are two resources of raw materials in Vinamilk: milk is collected from farm and milk is imported from foreign country. Vinamilk produces milk in facilities and then the company distributes their products in two ways: one, they provide products in supermarkets such as Metro, Big C, Coopmart†¦ two, they distribute for the wholesalers and then the wholesalers provide goods for the retailers. Finally, the retailers sell them for the customers. It is very convenience for the customers. They can buy the products of Vinamilk everywhere. After few times, Vinamilk goes to research the market and get feedback from the customers. Thus, they research and develop their products according to the customer preference. Therefore, their products will attract more the customers and they can get more profits. Bibliographies Textbook: BPP Learning Media Staff (2007), Business Essentials – Marketing, BPP House, London, BPP Learning Media Ltd. Online resources: http://vinamilk. com. vn/ http://www. slideshare. net/nguyenvanti1991/lap-ke-hoach-marketing-cua-vinamilk [accessed 24 October 2011] http://tintuc. xalo. vn/00885566846/Phan_tich_co_phieu_VNM_cua_Vinamilk. html [accessed 24 October 2011] http://www. vinamilk. com. vn/uploads/Download_E/VNM_Annual_report_FINAL_ENG. pdf [accessed 24 October 2011] http://www. ehow.com/info_8749189_buyers-behavior-affects-marketing-activities. html [accessed 24 October 2011] [pic]. CONTENT Part 2: 5, Analyze the additional elements of the extended marketing mix (People, Physical evidence and Process) in your chosen company PAGE NO. 17 Part 2: 1, Describe and analyze how products of your chosen company are developed to sustain the company’s competitive advantage PAGE NO. 11 Part 1: 4, Explain how end-consumer or buyer behavior as marketing activities for two products of the company and its retailers PAGE NO. 10 Part 1: 3, Outline the factors which influence the choice of targeting strategy for two products in two different markets PAGE NO. 9 Part 2: 2, Explain how your chosen company’s products are distributed in order to provide convenience to customers PAGE NO. 13 Part 2: 3, Explain how prices of your company’s product are set to reflect company’s objectives and market conditions PAGE NO. 14 Part 1: 2, Propose major segmentation criteria that are used for two products targeting two different markets PAGE NO. 7 Part 1: 1, Identify macro and micro environmental factors which influence marketing decisions and explain how they apply to your chosen company PAGE NO. 3 Part 2: 4, Illustrate how promotional activity is integrated to achieve marketing objectives in your chosen company PAGE NO. 16